list of medications that cause dry eyes

These are available as supplements and in foods such as flaxseed, salmon and sardines. Such drugs can cause both a dry mouth and dry eyes by interfering with glands in these organs. Popular medicines like Zoloft (sertraline) and Paxil (paroxetine) belong to a different class of antidepressants, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). 9. How to manage patients when systemic medications affect vision. Muchnick BG. 14. 6. Mellaril (thioridazine, Mutual Pharmaceutical) is the best known of this class and has almost completely replaced Thorazine (chlorpromazine, GlaxoSmithKline) in the management of the condition. Two useful resources in clinical practice are “Clinical Ocular Toxicology: Drug Induced Ocular Side Effects” by Frederick Fraunfelder, M.D., and Wiley Chambers and “Clinical Ocular Pharmacology,” 5th edition by James Bartlett, O.D., D.O.S., M.Sc., and Siret Jaanus, Ph.D., L.H.D. Ampélas JF, Wattiaux MJ, Van Amerongen AP. Ocular effects of systemic drugs. 20. This can lead to dry eyes in rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and Sjogren’s syndrome. Recent case reports suggest that herbal medicines may also be responsible for severe dry eyes (Oh et al, Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Sep. 2013). If you have found a solution, please share your success story with others. Dr. Drugs. Wearing lenses for too long during the day can make dry eye … 1. Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW, Edwards R. Ocular side effects possibly associated with isotretinoin usage. Brand name examples include Zoloft, Paxil, Elavil, Endep and Sinequan. Perhaps none is more current and readily available than Epocrates (www.epocrates.com), which is updated weekly can be downloaded to your mobile device. Widely prescribed anti-anxiety medications and tricyclic antidepressants can produce dry eye side effects. Tears can be inadequate for many reasons. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. A review article in the Journal of Ophthalmology (online, Aug. 27, 2012) lists many such drugs … Dry eyes can be triggered by reduced tear production or increased evaporation from the surface of the eye. As always, the best course is to educate our patients about the role their medications play in their dry eye complaints. Pharmaceuticals that can cause dry eye symptoms include certain medications used to treat hypertension such as central-acting agents and diuretics; antihistamines and decongestants, in concert with anticholinergics; hormones; certain antidepressants; pain relievers, such as ibuprofen and lortab; and dermatologic agents. Hormone replacement therapy and dry eye syndrome. Jasper A. Lissamine green staining of conjunctiva and cornea in dry eye. But if someone is suffering from drug-induced dry eyes (or dry mouth), it is absolutely essential that this information be communicated to a physician to see if an alternative medication might not be appropriate that would not cause this adverse reaction. It may seem like a minor annoyance to someone who doesn’t experience this symptom. Michigan: Taylor and Francis, 1999:225-83. 19. … But just ask someone with dry eyes how it affects their quality of life, and you will quickly learn that this is not a minor complication. Lesher GA. Get side effect saavy. When selecting reference resources, choose those that are complete and updated frequently. 3. They point out that the more medications a person is taking, the greater the likelihood that a combination could contribute to dry eyes. Clinically important ocular reactions to systemic drug therapy. 16. In general, these medications affect and reduce tear production (or more specifically, production of water that constitutes the aqueous layer) from the lacrimal glands, resulting in dryness of the eyes. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995:957- 1006. Both drugs decrease aqueous secretion, and symptoms are transient and dose dependent.20. Except for brinzolamide, all CAI s are … Ibuprofen, a common OTC pain medication, can cause dry eye in addition to blurred vision, refractive changes, diplopia and color vision changes, especially when the higher dosages (up to 800mg) are prescribed.13 Darvocet-N (propoxyphene napsylate and acetometaphin, USP) reportedly decreases tear secretion.14 Lortab (hydrocodone and acetaminophen, USP) combinations can also produce a dry eye. Antihistamines. Birth control pills. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Treatment will be different for each person depending on the root cause of the dry eye. In certain cases, this reaction may be severe and can last for months or even years. Am J Ophthalmol. 11. www.optometric.com/article.aspx?article=70708, Delay of Final Contact Lens Rule Requested by Congress, Conventional, Accelerated CXL Both Effective in Children, Diagnostic Tool Aids Refractive Assessment, Ray Tracing Offers Customizable LASIK Approach, Making the Diagnosis with the TFOS DEWS II. Some people begin to experience dry eye after laser vision correction surgery. 2. Santaella RM, Fraunfelder FW. 1981;52(3):257-8. That means they affect the way the neurochemical acetylcholine interacts with receptors in the body. Maturitas. Psychiatric manifestations of lupus erythematosus systemic and Sjögren’s syndrome. This medication class includes the proton pump inhibitors: Prevacid (lansoprazole, Takeda), Prilosec (omeprazole, Procter & Gamble), Nexium (esomeprazole magnesium, AstraZeneca), Zantac (ranitidine, GlaxoSmithKline) and Tagamet (cimetidine, GlaxoSmithKline). Institute of Medicine, National Academies. Symptoms of blurred vision, cycloplegia and dry eye are transient and reversible.7. Don’t run to the drugstore for eye drops. JAMA. The effect of treatment and its related side effects in patients with severe ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. This can cause eye strain and dry eye, which may feel worse in the evening after a long day of work. 8. This drug class causes decreased lacrimation, which may induce dry eye complaints. Dermatologists sometimes prescribe Accutane (isoretinoin, Genpharm) for the treatment of recalcitrant acne. 2002 Jan;109(1):111-8. “Many doctors think erectile dysfunction drugs cause … Antipsychotic Drugs, Antidepressants and Parkinson’s Medications Can Cause Dry Eye. Tricyclic antidepressants—Elavil (amitriptyline, Merck), Endep (amitriptyline, Roche), Adapin (doxepin, Lotus Biochemical), Sinequan (doxepin, Pfizer)—produce many anticholinergic side effects.12 These medications are being prescribed to a broader and younger population than in the past, which means there is an increased likelihood that your patients will display dry eye side effects. He is also a diplomate in the Primary Care Section of the American Academy of Optometry. Ophthalmology. Certain classes of drugs are known to cause eye problems. Encephale. As many as 60% of patients taking cyclophosphamide have developed dry eye.19, Antipsychotic Medications 2007;67(1):75-93. Medications that block histamine receptors alleviate allergic conditions of rhinitis, uticaria, dermatitis and systemic allergies. These include diuretics (water pills), antihistamines, antidepressants, drugs that lower cholesterol, beta-blockers and birth control pills. People are surprised to learn that even non-prescription medications could be contributing to their uncomfortable eyes. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Antihistamines and Decongestants 18. Decreased meibomian gland function also impacts the production of the lipid layer of the precorneal tear film, leading to tear film instability and enhanced surface evaporation, which results in dry eye syndrome. 2003 Apr. Even though Roche Pharmaceuticals pulled Accutane from the market in 2009, generic versions of the drug may still be available by prescription. Such drugs can cause both a dry mouth and dry eyes by interfering with glands in these organs. Physicians prescribe systemic beta blockers to treat angina pectoris, essential hypertension, myocardial infarctions and migraine headaches.4 Beta blockers reduce lysozyme levels and immunoglobulin A, causing a decrease in aqueous production and subsequently leading to symptoms of dry eye.5 Patients using beta blockers also exhibit corneal anesthesia, decreased tear film break-up times and ocular irritation. 2006;5(5):467-8. 15. Patients need to assume some responsibility here as well. Ophthalmic Toxicology. 2007;56(3):257-62. Drug Saf. Some of these medications are essential for good health. Pain Relievers 5th ed. According to one estimate, four out of every five U.S. adults will use prescription medicines, over-the-counter drugs or dietary supplements in any given week, and nearly one-third of adults will take five or more different medications in the same timeframe.2 Older patients may be at greater risk for medication side effects because they often take multiple prescription medications. Xiidra (Shire), like … 1992;2(4):73-96. Do not consider this brief discussion exhaustive, as many other drugs and categories may have dry eye as a side effect. Antidepressants, Psychosis, and … In general, these effects occur with OTC preparations—most commonly with Benadryl (diphenhydramine, McNeil Consumer) and Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine, Schering)—and in recent offerings, such as Claritin (loratadine, Schering). 1993 Sep;9(3):196-211. Common Medication Examples. Xiidra Dry Eye Drops - Prescription only. We're empowering you to make wise decisions about your own health, by providing you with essential health information about both medical and alternative treatment options. There are various ways that medications contribute to dry eye syndrome. Optom Mgmt. 10. Rennie IG. Debra A. Schaumberg, Sc.D., O.D., M.P.H., and colleagues reported a 69% increase in dry eye symptoms in women who were taking estrogen compared to the control group.10 Additionally, the study reported that women who were taking a progesterone or progesterone combination also experienced a 29% increase in dry eye symptoms over women not on HRT. Optom Mgmt. Your doctor may measure your tear production using the Schirmer test. 2009 Nov;24-58. 12. Proton pump inhibitors have caused dry eye complaints, although this information does not appear in their individual package inserts. Antidepressant & Parkinson’s Medications Any prescription medication with a nerve-inhibiting quality has the potential to cause dry eye symptoms. 2000;35(2):92-6. A surprisingly large number of drugs have the potential to trigger this complication. J Am Optom Assoc. At the end of the day, it is our responsibility to make sure that our patients know how their systemic medications could be contributing to their ocular surface disease. Jaanus SD. These are available as eye drops [Trusopt® (dorzolamide), Azopt® (brinzolamide)] as well as pills [Diamox (acetazolamide) and Neptazane® (methazolamide)]. In: GCY Chiou, ed. Imagine sandpaper under your eyelids. A major drug in this class is Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide, Bristol-Myers Squibb), which is also used to treat ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and primary Sjögren syndrome. Physicians and pharmacists rarely mention dry eyes as a drug side effect. Adding omega-3 fatty acids to your diet may help relieve dry eye signs and symptoms. While these drug categories are the most common offenders in producing dry eye problems, exceptions exist in every drug category. This … J Drugs Dermatol. Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is a form of vitamin A that reduces the amount of oil released by oil glands in the skin.15 Vitamin A and its synthetic derivatives are collectively known as retinoids and are used to treat severe recalcitrant nodular acne, acne vulgaris and severe recalcitrant psoriasis, and to induce remission of leukemia.16 Isoretinoin has been shown to be secreted in tears by the lacrimal gland and has been associated with causing meibomian gland dysfunction—producing dry eye complaints, contact lens discomfort, blepharoconjunctivitis, transient blurring of vision and acute, transient refractive changes––especially myopic shifts.17 This synthetic medication affects the overproduction of skin lipids. Copyright © 2021 Jobson Medical Information LLC unless otherwise noted. 13. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogens alone or in combination with progestins is a commonly prescribed therapy for post-menopausal women. But just ask anyone who suffers from dry eyes what it feels like and you will hear some serious woe and misery. Because this risk has been shown to increase with longer durations of estrogen use, patients on HRT with estrogens should be monitored for dry eye problems.11, Antidepressants Dry eye in post-menopausal women using hormone replacement therapy. Schornack JA. Erdem U, Ozdegirmenci O, Sobaci E, et al. Dry eyes can be caused by reduced tear production or increased evaporation from the eye's surface, but doctors rarely mention dry eyes as a drug side effect. Dry eye complaints will disappear after medication use is discontinued, although it may take several months for the complaints to wane. Below is a non-exhaustive list of common medicines and drugs that can cause dry eyes … The use of estrogen replacements and contraceptive agents is commonly implicated in dry eye. 2001 Nov;286(17):2114-9. Prolonged contact lens use. Thiazides or diuretics are often prescribed to treat congestive heart failure. Pharmaceuticals that can cause dry eye symptoms include certain medications used to treat hypertension such as central-acting agents and diuretics; antihistamines and decongestants, in concert with anticholinergics; hormones; certain antidepressants; pain relievers, such as ibuprofen and lortab; and dermatologic agents. Double or blurred vision. Available at: Drops and medication don ’ t run to the drugstore for eye drops and list of medications that cause dry eyes don ’ t run the! Here as well to treat congestive heart failure many as 60 % of patients cyclophosphamide. So the pharmacist can help monitor for drug interactions their medications play in their individual inserts! 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