Every person must walk unhesitatingly according to his own personal gifts and duties in the path of living faith, which arouses hope and works through charity. X, 24-25: PL 15, 1810. In virtue of this power, bishops have the sacred right and the duty before the Lord to make laws for their subjects, to pass judgment on them and to moderate everything pertaining to the ordering of worship and the apostolate. (117) It was for this purpose that God sent His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things,(118) that be might be teacher, king and priest of all, the head of the new and universal people of the sons of God. I: Mansi S2,1 109 C. (28) Cfr. But since it has pleased God not to manifest solemnly the mystery of the salvation of the human race before He would pour forth the Spirit promised by Christ, we see the apostles before the day of Pentecost "persevering with one mind in prayer with the women and Mary the Mother of Jesus, and with His brethren",(296) and Mary by her prayers imploring the gift of the Spirit, who had already overshadowed her in the Annunciation. 2, 3: cd. (16*) This, however, is to be so understood that it neither takes away from nor adds anything to the dignity and efficaciousness of Christ the one Mediator.(17*). (4) Cfr. Hom. Cfr. This dogmatic constitution was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on 21 November 1964, following approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5. dogm. This union of the Mother with the Son in the work of salvation is made manifest from the time of Christ's virginal conception up to His death it is shown first of all when Mary, arising in haste to go to visit Elizabeth, is greeted by her as blessed because of her belief in the promise of salvation and the precursor leaped with joy in the womb of his mother. 44, a. The Church has always believed that the apostles and Christ's martyrs who had given the supreme witness of faith and charity by the shedding of their blood, are closely joined with us in Christ, and she has always venerated them with special devotion, together with the Blessed Virgin Mary and the holy angels. Ordinis, cap. Answers to the Most Common Objections Against Sedevacantism The Holy See The counsels are a divine gift, which the Church received from its Lord and which it always safeguards with the help of His grace. Leo XIII, Const. Likewise we can say that in some real way they are joined with us in the Holy Spirit, for to them too He gives His gifts and graces whereby He is operative among them with His sanctifying power. Its law is the new commandment to love as Christ loved us. He speaks to us in them, and gives us a sign of His Kingdom,(12*) to which we are strongly drawn, having so great a cloud of witnesses over us (276) and such a witness to the truth of the Gospel. (252) We strive therefore to please God in all things(253) and we put on the armor of God, that we may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil and resist in the evil day. The Church not only raises the religious profession to the dignity of a canonical state by her approval, but even manifests that this profession is a state consecrated to God by the liturgical setting of that profession. 6: PL 40, 399. By divine Providence it has come about that various churches, established in various places by the apostles and their successors, have in the course of time coalesced into several groups, organically united, which, preserving the unity of faith and the unique divine constitution of the universal Church, enjoy their own discipline, their own liturgical usage, and their own theological and spiritual heritage. It has so often been said, wrote Fr. Serm. . Vat. 1950: AAS 42 (1950) p. 256. - S. Pius X, Litt. : in Prof. fidei Trid., 1. c. et Concl. Cfr. About Lumen Gentium, "a clarification has yet to be made".This is the idea developed by Bishop Schneider, auxiliary bishop of Astana, in a document published on March 4, 2017. Cf. Funk, I, p. 252. Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen Gentium Christ is the Light of all Humanity . Christ, the great Prophet, who proclaimed the Kingdom of His Father both by the testimony of His life and the power of His words, continually fulfills His prophetic office until the complete manifestation of glory. Pius XII, Alloc. If they fail moreover to respond to that grace in thought, word and deed, not only shall they not be saved but they will be the more severely judged.(13*). Oec. I, Const. By their very office of praying and offering sacrifice for their own people and the entire people of God, they should rise to greater holiness. l9S8: AAS S0 (145R ) p. 220: Ia Iegittima sana laicita dello Stato .. (7) Cfr. The Commission has decided to preface the assessment of the Modi with the following general observations. Therefore, by their competence in secular training and by their activity, elevated from within by the grace of Christ, let them vigorously contribute their effort, so that created goods may be perfected by human labor, technical skill and civic culture for the benefit of all men according to the design of the Creator and the light of His Word. etiam Mt. 3, ad 1.) The Church itself, by the authority given to it by God, accepts the vows of the newly professed. Deiparae, III: col. 361 D. S. Io. Inter Mirifica, Decree On the Means of Social Communication, 1963. 13, 7: Eccli 44-50, Nebr. By these gifts He makes them fit and ready to undertake the various tasks and offices which contribute toward the renewal and building up of the Church, according to the words of the Apostle: "The manifestation of the Spirit is given to everyone for profit". Because of the very economy of salvation the faithful should learn how to distinguish carefully between those rights and duties which are theirs as members of the Church, and those which they have as members of human society. Therefore the Blessed Virgin is invoked by the Church under the titles of Advocate, Auxiliatrix, Adjutrix, and Mediatrix. I, ess. (60) Conc. (32*) For this reason the individual bishops represent each his own church, but all of them together and with the Pope represent the entire Church in the bond of peace, love and unity. Gaudium et spes (Ecclesiastical Latin: [audi.um et spes], "Joy and Hope"), the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, is one of the four constitutions resulting from the Second Vatican Council in 1965. (43) Cfr. Catech. 22: Denz. I XXlV, can. (109) (7*) From the wedlock of Christians there comes the family, in which new citizens of human society are born, who by the grace of the Holy Spirit received in baptism are made children of God, thus perpetuating the people of God through the centuries. (86) Christ instituted this new covenant, the new testament, that is to say, in His Blood,(87) calling together a people made up of Jew and gentile, making them one, not according to the flesh but in the Spirit. They conduct themselves as children of the promise, and thus strong in faith and in hope they make the most of the present,(201) and with patience await the glory that is to come. It was passed by 2,151 votes to 5 of present bishops. 35 Mt 21:42; cf. 2333 (3903). (40) John contemplates this holy city coming down from heaven at the renewal of the world as a bride made ready and adorned for her husband. 984 (1821) . (12) S. Ign. In the first place, the shepherds of Christ's flock must holily and eagerly, humbly and courageously carry out their ministry, in imitation of the eternal high Priest, the Shepherd and Guardian of our souls. Vaticanum II, Const. Serm. (11) Cfr. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. CHAPTER III: THE CHURCH IS HIERARCHICAL Let them willingly employ their prudent advice. From all this it follows that if one member endures anything, all the members co-endure it, and if one member is honored, all the members together rejoice.(59). (4) Cfr., i. a., S. Augustinus, Enarr. 1712l (3011). Iovin. But for this power to be fully ready to act, there must be a further canonical or juridical determination through the hierarchical authority. Moving forward through trial and tribulation, the Church is strengthened by the power of God's grace, which was promised to her by the Lord, so that in the weakness of the flesh she may not waver from perfect fidelity, but remain a bride worthy of her Lord, and moved by the Holy Spirit may never cease to renew herself, until through the Cross she arrives at the light which knows no setting. Lumen Gentium holds a central place among council documents and has been received by the Church with nearly universal acclaim. X, 14: PG 14 127S B. S. Augustinus, De S. Viginitate, 15, 15: PL 40, 403. 2 in Annunt., 18: PG 87 (3), 3237 BD. (213) In a word, "Christians must be to the world what the soul is to the body. Cfr. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 117. nota adiecta ad Schema I de Eccl. 23:1 ff; Num. 68. (55) S. Leo M., Serm. 1839 (3074). May all those who are weighed down with poverty, infirmity and sickness, as well as those who must bear various hardships or who suffer persecution for justice sakemay they all know they are united with the suffering Christ in a special way for the salvation of the world. This must be admitted of necessity so that the fullness of power belonging to the Roman Pontiff is not called into question. Lateranense anni 649, Can. (25*) For when Christ shall appear and the glorious resurrection of the dead will take place, the glory of God will light up the heavenly City and the Lamb will be the lamp thereof. : PG 48, 533 u. 121, 32: PL 40 288. 23, ecr. Therefore the promised restoration which we are awaiting has already begun in Christ, is carried forward in the mission of the Holy Spirit and through Him continues in the Church in which we learn the meaning of our terrestrial life through our faith, while we perform with hope in the future the work committed to us in this world by the Father, and thus work out our salvation. Just as the priesthood of Christ is shared in various ways both by the ministers and by the faithful, and as the one goodness of God is really communicated in different ways to His creatures, so also the unique mediation of the Redeemer does not exclude but rather gives rise to a manifold cooperation which is but a sharing in this one source. pp. (45*) The Roman Pontiff and the bishops, in view of their office and the importance of the matter, by fitting means diligently strive to inquire properly into that revelation and to give apt expression to its contents;(46*) but a new public revelation they do not accept as pertaining to the divine deposit of faith. Apost. They will accomplish this by their constancy in prayer, by their burning love, and by their unremitting recollection of whatever is true, just and of good repute. Encycl. 15-16, n. 44 et pp. Funk, I, p. 266. 340, 1: PL 38, 1483. According to the encyclical, the Church has two aspects, a visible and an invisible dimension. SS, 24: Hartel, p. 642, line. 67. Similarly, by their state in life, religious give splendid and striking testimony that the world cannot be transformed and offered to God without the spirit of the beatitudes. 23, cap. To these definitions the assent of the Church can never be wanting, on account of the activity of that same Holy Spirit, by which the whole flock of Christ is preserved and progresses in unity of faith. Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related to the People of God in various ways. (12) The Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful, as in a temple. In the first place among these ministers are deacons, who, in as much as they are dispensers of Christ's mysteries and servants of the Church,(9*) should keep themselves free from every vice and stand before men as personifications of goodness and friends of God. Priests, prudent cooperators with the Episcopal order,(72*) its aid and instrument, called to serve the people of God, constitute one priesthood (73*) with their bishop although bound by a diversity of duties. Tridentinum Sess. 3 et q. : PL S4, 7S9. 1926: AAS 18 (1926) p. 69. Sapientiae christianae, 10 ian. In the word, in the works, and in the presence of Christ, this kingdom was clearly open to the view of men. (27*) This power can be exercised only with the consent of the Roman Pontiff. vitae spir., c. 18. (9) S. Hieronymus, Epist. S. Ambrosius, In Ps. 186 ratings, 4.42 average rating, 23 reviews. For the nurturing and constant growth of the People of God, Christ the Lord instituted in His Church a variety of ministries, which work for the good of the whole body. custoditur ,., cfr. Finally, Christian spouses, in virtue of the sacrament of Matrimony, whereby they signify and partake of the mystery of that unity and fruitful love which exists between Christ and His Church,(108) help each other to attain to holiness in their married life and in the rearing and education of their children. "Because the bread is one, we though many, are one body, all of us who partake of the one bread". 1957: AAS 49 (1957) pp. Funk I, p. 32. 35. (34) Cfr. Clearly from earliest times the Blessed Virgin is honored under the title of Mother of God, under whose protection the faithful took refuge in all their dangers and necessities. II, 7: PL 15, 1555. Let them follow the example of Christ, who by His obedience even unto death, opened to all men the blessed way of the liberty of the children of God. 63: PL 16, 1218. 3 Via baptism all share in the priestly, prophetic and kingly ministry of Jesus (Lumen Gentium #'s 10-11, 31, and 34 and Christifideles Laici #'s 9, 13, 14, 23, and 29) This tri-fold dignity of Baptism informs both the laity's ad extra mission/apostolate of evangelization and social justice in the world as well as their role/share in the ad intra (34) The Lord Himself compared Himself to the stone which the builders rejected, but which was made into the cornerstone. (2) Cfr. The College, which does not exist without the head, is said "to exist also as the subject of supreme and full power in the universal Church." (2) Cfr. (17*), Our union with the Church in heaven is put into effect in its noblest manner especially in the sacred Liturgy, wherein the power of the Holy Spirit acts upon us through sacramental signs. 896: ASS 28 (1895-96) p. 732. Symbolum Apostolicum: Denz. Vatican II document, Lumen Gentium . 48: Mansi 51, 549 s. et 619 s. Leo XIII, Epist. (71) Ordo consecrationis sacerdotalis, in impositione vestimentorum. 86 (150), coll. He is the image of the invisible God and in Him all things came into being. 2:11-12; 1 Pet. The former is a danger; the latter, salvation" (1*). Haer. 17-33; LUMEN GENTIUM SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER II: ON THE PEOPLE OF GOD 11. Sanct. (6) As often as the sacrifice of the cross in which Christ our Passover was sacrificed, is celebrated on the altar, the work of our redemption is carried on, and, in the sacrament of the eucharistic bread, the unity of all believers who form one body in Christ (8) is both expressed and brought about. Jn 16:13). Damascenus, De fide orth., IV, 14: PG 94, 1153-1161. Four Major Constitutions - Print versions at UST (293) After this manner the Blessed Virgin advanced in her pilgrimage of faith, and faithfully persevered in her union with her Son unto the cross, where she stood, in keeping with the divine plan,(294) grieving exceedingly with her only begotten Son, uniting herself with a maternal heart with His sacrifice, and lovingly consenting to the immolation of this Victim which she herself had brought forth. (148) They therefore appointed such men, and gave them the order that, when they should have died, other approved men would take up their ministry. Since the Church is in Christ like a sacrament or as a sign and instrument both of a very closely knit union with God and of the unity of the whole human race, it desires now to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal mission. Mich. 5:2-3; Mt. S. Cyprianus, Epist. Lumen Gentium - Vatican II's Constitution on the Church. They are fully incorporated in the society of the Church who, possessing the Spirit of Christ accept her entire system and all the means of salvation given to her, and are united with her as part of her visible bodily structure and through her with Christ, who rules her through the Supreme Pontiff and the bishops. 32; PL 2, 53. Pall1us VI, Homelia in Bas, Vaticana, 20 oct. 1963: AAS 55 (1963) p. 1014. III, q. In that Body the life of Christ is poured into the believers who, through the sacraments, are united in a hidden and real way to Christ who suffered and was glorified. Christ Jesus, "though He was by nature God . What specifically characterizes the laity is their secular nature. 2, 4: PG 62, 612: Saccrdos est symbolon . V: PL 68, 924 BC. Apost. (208) Further, He has shared this power so that serving Christ in their fellow men they might by humility and patience lead their brethren to that King for whom to serve is to reign. 633-636; Denz. This is clearly proven by the example of so many holy founders. (2) Cfr. 1; Denz. Bellarmino): Mansi 51, I 579 C, necnon Schema reformatum I Const. Christ the Lord, High Priest taken from among men,(100) made the new people "a kingdom and priests to God the Father". Encycl. The Roman Pontiff, as the successor of Peter, is the perpetual and visible principle and foundation of unity of both the bishops and of the faithful. I, Const.Dogm. Cfr. The Christian family loudly proclaims both the present virtues of the Kingdom of God and the hope of a blessed life to come. Paulus Pp. In all of Christ's disciples the Spirit arouses the desire to be peacefully united, in the manner determined by Christ, as one flock under one shepherd, and He prompts them to pursue this end. (2) Praeter documenta antiquiora contra quamlibet formam evocationis spirituum inde ab Alexandro IV (27 sept. 1958), cfr Encycl. 6, 1; Ed. He does this not only through the hierarchy who teach in His name and with His authority, but also through the laity whom He made His witnesses and to whom He gave understanding of the faith (sensu fidei) and an attractiveness in speech(200) so that the power of the Gospel might shine forth in their daily social and family life. 184, a. III, q. who in times past were not a people, but are now the people of God". . 11, 3: PL 4, 242 B; Hartel, II, 2, p. 497. Encycl. Annus sacer, 8 dec. 1950, AAS 43 (1951) p. 27 s. Pius XII, Cons. (9) Cfr. 11, 340. 62, a. "(6*) Hence not a few of the early Fathers gladly assert in their preaching, "The knot of Eve's disobedience was untied by Mary's obedience; what the virgin Eve bound through her unbelief, the Virgin Mary loosened by her faith. (15) Cfr. (38) Cfr. III, 16, 6; III, 22, 1-3: PG 7, 925 C-926 Aet 955 C - 958 A; Harvey 2, 87 s. et 120-123; Sagnard, Ed. . 24. (14*) This perfect continency, out of desire for the kingdom of heaven, has always been held in particular honor in the Church. Finally, the Immaculate Virgin, preserved free from all guilt of original sin,(12*) on the completion of her earthly sojourn, was taken up body and soul into heavenly glory,(13*) and exalted by the Lord as Queen of the universe, that she might be the more fully conformed to her Son, the Lord of lords(297) and the conqueror of sin and death. (12*) It is charity which guides us to our final end. Overview Summary OVERVIEW Lumen gentium is a principal document of the Second Vatican Council. (47) Conc. 16:18; Eph. In dorm. (42) It is described as the spotless spouse of the spotless Lamb,(43) whom Christ "loved and for whom He delivered Himself up that He might sanctify her",(44) whom He unites to Himself by an unbreakable covenant, and whom He unceasingly "nourishes and cherishes",(45) and whom, once purified, He willed to be cleansed and joined to Himself, subject to Him in love and fidelity,(46) and whom, finally, He filled with heavenly gifts for all eternity, in order that we may know the love of God and of Christ for us, a love which surpasses all knowledge. Sous la maternclle protection, 9 dec. 1957: AAS 50 (19S8) p. 36. But often men, deceived by the Evil One, have become vain in their reasonings and have exchanged the truth of God for a lie, serving the creature rather than the Creator. Let them assiduously keep away from whatever, either by word or deed, could lead separated brethren or any other into error regarding the true doctrine of the Church. (214) He united her to Himself as His own body and brought it to perfection by the gift of the Holy Spirit for God's glory. Cone. Lc. This was to be the new People of God. S. Cyprianus, Epist. | Can., c. 1327; c. 13S0 2. Encycl. It is the love of God and the love of one's neighbor which points out the true disciple of Christ. Benedictus XV, Epist. 1. "(3*) Wherefore she is hailed as a pre-eminent and singular member of the Church, and as its type and excellent exemplar in faith and charity. M., Philad., Praef. Pastor aeternus. Damasccnus, Nom. For even though it sometimes happens that religious do not directly mingle with their contemporaries, yet in a more profound sense these same religious are united with them in the heart of Christ and spiritually cooperate with them. It is through the Church that we encounter Christ, so it is through the Church that we realize our vocation, our meaning and our innermost truth. Casti Connubii, 31 dec. 1930: AAS 22 (1930) p. 548. Quadragesimo anno 15 maii 1931: AAS 23 (1931) p. 121 s. Pius XII, Alloc. Indeed Christ, the Son of God, who with the Father and the Spirit is praised as "uniquely holy," (1*) loved the Church as His bride, delivering Himself up for her. May the goods of this world be more equitably distributed among all men, and may they in their own way be conducive to universal progress in human and Christian freedom. Strengthened in Holy Communion by the Body of Christ, they then manifest in a concrete way that unity of the people of God which is suitably signified and wondrously brought about by this most august sacrament. The word "functions [munera]" is used deliberately instead of the word "powers [potestates]," because the latter word could be understood as a power fully ready to act. Encycl. crit. 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lumen gentium 16 summary